Frame Grabbers – what are they?

All you need to know about frame grabbers!

Epiphan VGA2USB and DVI2USB Frame Grabbers

Frame Grabbers: What are they?

According to Wikipedia, a frame grabber is “an electronic device that captures individual, digital still frames from an analog video signal or a digital video stream.” In other words, it is a device that takes an analog video signal or a digital video stream and converts it into a digital format that can be used for recording, archiving, post-processing, and even broadcasting! Two types of frame grabbers exist: analog and digital. Analog frame grabbers, according to Wikipedia, are used for the capture of NTSC/SECAM/PAL signals (regular television signals). If you are looking for a simple frame grabber like that, it can be easily bought in any large electronics store. Pinnacle seems to be a popular choice amongst those who would like an external solution, whereas more recent internal video cards from companies like Nvidia and ATI already have that function built-in.

The Good Stuff: Digital Frame Grabbers

This review will focus on digital frame grabbers, also referred to as with names like “framegrabbers” or “VGA grabbers”. Digital frame grabbers come in all sorts of forms and flavors. Many are used for the capture of Camera Link and GigE Vision industrial cameras, but those of special interest are devices that capture from a generic VGA or DVI stream, like that of an ultrasound machine as well as of an ECG (electrocardiogram). There are many companies that make frame grabbers capable of capturing a VGA (or even DVI) stream. There are several companies which manufacture internal PCI-based VGA frame grabbers. These include PixelSmart, Foresight Imaging, Unigraf, EMS Imaging, and Ncast. Epiphan Systems also makes an external USB-based solution for the capture of VGA and DVI signals.

Problem at Hand

With the need for a frame grabber that would be able to monitor medical devices round the clock with minimal or no adjusting or maintenance, choosing the right device may be a difficult task. Also, due to the nature of what is being captured, the captured images and videos need to be of diagnostic quality (very high quality) and at a relatively high frame rate (over 30fps), with a resolution of at least 1280×1024, which is what is used by the GE LOGIQ Book XP ultrasound devices that these grabbers will be acquiring the VGA signal from. This leaves me with several alternatives: Epiphan Systems’ VGA2USB, Foresight Imaging’s I-RGB 200, Unigraf’s UFG-03, EMS Imaging’s XtremeRGB, and Ncast’s DCC 3.1. PixelSmart’s frame grabbers are capable of only low resolutions and marginal quality, meaning that their frame grabbers are not sufficient for most applications.

Initial Comparison

Before diving in and buying any of these devices, it is important to compare their specifications based on the manufacturer spec sheets to see which are viable alternatives for the chosen application. Below is a short summary.

Manufacturer	Model	Price	Type	Maximum update rate at 1280×1024	OS Compatibility
EMS Imaging	XtremeRGB	$1400	PCI (Internal)	40 fps	Windows
Epiphan Systems	VGA2USB LR	$799	USB (External)	51 fps	Windows, Mac OS X, Linux
Foresight Imaging	I-RGB 200	$1000-$1500	PCI (Internal)	Not specified	Windows
Ncast	DCC 3.1	$1995	PCI (Internal)	50 fps	Windows, Linux
Unigraf	UFG-03	$2500	PCI (Internal)	Not specified	Windows, Linux

Pricing is especially important if you have a tight budget to work with. Based on this, the Ncast DCC 3.1 and Unigraf UFG-03 are immediately out of consideration. Their MSRPs (manufacturer suggested retail prices) are extremely overpriced for the offering. Epiphan Systems’ VGA2USB, an external VGA to USB frame grabber, sticks out of the bunch at just under $800, which is significantly lower than that of the other competitors.

When looking at the specifications, Epiphan Systems’ VGA2USB LR external frame grabber is the only one with support for Mac OS X and is also the one that offers the highest update rate. Remember that, even though the maximum update rates are 40-51 fps, the actual update rate will depend on how much of the captured image is changed from frame to frame. In other words, if your picture does not have much movement, you will be able to achieve maximum fps. Otherwise, expect lower numbers than the ones listed in the table above.

Internal vs. External

Epiphan VGA2USB Frame Grabbers and VGA Capture Devices

Are external frame grabbers superior to internal ones, or vice versa? In theory, internal cards would be better as they have access to a faster bus (PCI vs USB). In practice, however, due to the fact that both internal and external boards use on-board compression and buffers, the speed of the bus becomes irrelevant as both USB 2.0 and PCI are sufficient for high quality image transfer of up to 330 megapixels a second.

One must also consider the practicality of both alternatives. Each carries its own advantages and disadvantages. Below is a simple table for quick comparison.

	Advantages	Disadvantages
Internal (PCI)	Impossible to lose. Less cables involved as connection is internal. Does not take up any extra space.	Difficult to move between different computers. Cannot capture to laptop computer, needs desktop. Not compatible with Macs.
External (USB)	Small, lightweight and portable. Can be moved between different computers easily. Compatible with laptop computers. Can capture to any computer with USB bus. Compatible with Mac OS, Windows, and Linux.	Easy to lose due to its small size.

Looking at the table above, the external (USB) frame grabbers seem to be the better alternative. What’s more, you do not need to disassemble your computer to install the grabber and it works with laptop computers, which is a very big advantage. This allows the user to use the VGA2USB for quick diagonstics of devices and effortlessly transport the frame grabber for use with other devices as well.

The Verdict

Internal frame grabbers, like the one from EMS Imaging, are an excellent choice for those that are planning to use a desktop PC with an available PCI slot without moving it around too much. For the most people, however, external capture devices are simply more practical.

What’s more, Epiphan Systems’ VGA2USB series of devices are just a fraction of the price of comparative PCI cards, with the base VGA2USB model starting at $299.

The VGA2USB LR can be used in rackmount as well as environments with small space restrictions. The device is only about the size of a credit card (it terms of length x width) and is very lightweight, which makes it very practical in setups where one does not have a sea of space to work with.

After testing the device, the picture quality turned out to be as promised – lossless and diagnostic, and the frame rate is constantly above the 30 fps mark. Epiphan Systems’ VGA2USB LR seems to be the perfect fit for anyone looking for a high quality, reliable yet relatively low priced VGA capture solution.

Here is a great resource to compare specs of different frame grabbers in a single table.

Epiphan KVM2USB Review

How to use your laptop as portable KVM console device

Many technicians, engineers, and administrators need to install systems without individual monitors and peripherals attached. Several manufacturers, such as APC, Iogear and Belkin, make a killing on huge and unwieldy KVM switches that include as many cables as you would get with an individual mouse, keyboard, and monitor for each system, eating up precious space. Software remote access solutions can be a security hazard allowing easier unauthorized access, assuming you can find a package that works with every operating system you use.

The alternative, and dreaded reality of many techs, is to lug around a monitor, keyboard, and mouse with you everywhere you need to go in case it will be needed. Epiphan Systems developed the KVM2USB product to eliminate the risky software and the bulky hardware by allowing you to use a simple laptop as the all-in-one peripheral for any system you want, regardless of operating system.

The first model came in a basic metal enclosure, great for rough environments but not aesthetically pleasing for the office. The current model can sit on your desk with pride, being a sleek charcoal color and only a couple of inches in each dimension. It is still made of a sturdy metal enclosure, so you don’t feel like it will need to be replaced after a drop.

The KVM2USB provides a connection between a computer’s peripherals (monitor, keyboard, and video) to another computer’s USB ports. You connect the USB cables to the chosen device, regardless of operating system, and install the other cables to the chosen computer or laptop. The small size makes it ideal for use with a laptop you may be carrying anyway. The KVM2USB software uses the universal compatibility of USB to provide connectivity, and it doesn’t take over your screen like an RDP or VNC session would, allowing you to use the laptop for other programs and resources easily. All the necessary equipment and software is installed before you even reach the server, reducing the need to add to system overhead, as long as it has standard VGA and USB ports.

The first model didn’t have a terribly clear screen, featuring video artifacts as much as your system. The new model has become much clearer, and supports resolutions up to 1024×1280, which most people are accustomed to using. The old model could support higher resolutions but at the higher limits the image was unusable. The new model also provides a much improved 30 fps (frames per second), from the previous model’s 10 fps.

The much improved KVM2USB model’s VGA functionality helps make it a better competitor to any full KVM system. Keystrokes and mouse clicks are response and quick, with no lag. A few chipsets can delay loading USB devices, and very rarely it was long enough to prevent you from entering the keystrokes necessary to enter the configuration screen. The new model is faster yet, eliminating this delay. Entering BIOS setup should not be a problem.

Many KVM models have difficulty working with passive converter cables, such as a PS/2 to USB attachment, but KVM2USB provides one straight out of the box. The USB connections have worked just fine on Dell Poweredge servers and desktops, and the software is available for both PCs and Macs. After you install the software, from http://www.epiphan.com/downloads, starting the program instantly returns an image. Escaping and entering the remote system is easy, something remote access software users will enjoy: Just click your middle mouse button (mouse wheel). The software is a free download off of their website, fully functional.

The entire bundle is available from the manufacturer for less than $400, for the current version as well as its predecessor. Epiphan Systems provided much improved features for their software without raising the price. Having to mount multiple rack-mounted KVM systems at various locations, combined with a monitor at each site, a set of peripherals, and the mess of cables, can quickly cost a lot more than the KVM2USB system which requires a single laptop you likely have already. Remote access software that is secure enough for enterprise use can easily reach higher than that as well. The KVM2USB is half of what some of its competitors are charging for KVM systems.

The cost of an appropriately sized monitor to drag with you everywhere will rival the KVM2USB without any of the other benefits. A solution that transmits the signals over IP, such as Raritan and Avocent’s systems, will only work for permanent installations that don’t change frequently. VNC, RDP, and other solutions require you to install the software on the device first, necessitating lugging that same monitor around with you at first. The KVM2USB eliminates all other devices, even for a first-time configuration, requires a few universal cables, and is a cost-efficient solution.

The new version is a tremendous improvement over the original and will save your back and your rack space. It responds fast enough to get into BIOS configuration screens, and requires no configuration to use. This is a great buy, and I would recommend it to anyone.

Buy KVM2USB now